自考专升本为大家收集并整理了2003年4月自考英语二考试真题阅读理解部分，希望对大家有所帮助。
2003年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语（二）试卷
课程代码：00015
三、从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。(每选项2分，共30分)
Passage One
Question 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Who talks more，women or men? The seemingly conflicting evidence is resolved by the difference between what I call public and private speaking．More men feel comfortable doing “public speaking,” while more women feel comfortable doing “private” speaking. Another way of capturing these differences is by using the terms report-talk and rapport-talk.
For most women, the language of conversation is primarily a language of rapport: a way of establishing connections and negotiating relationships. Emphasis is placed on displaying similarities and matching experiences. From childhood, girls criticize their friends who try to stand out or appear better than others. People feel their closest connections at home, or in places where they feel at home -- with one or a few people they feel close to and comfortable with -- in other words, during private speaking. But even the most public situations can be approached like private speaking.
For most women，talk is primarily a means to preserve independence and negotiate and maintain status in a hierarchical(等级制度的) social order．This is done by exhibiting knowledge and skill，and by ho1ding center stage through verbal performance such as storytelling, joking, or conveying information．From childhood，men learn to use talking as a way to get and keep attention．Therefore，they are more comfortable speaking in 1arger groups made up of people they know 1ess well，in the broadest sense，“public speaking”. But even the most private situations can be approached like public speaking, more like giving a report than establishing rapport.
21. A similar term for “private talking” is ___________.
A. report-talk
B. rapport-talk
C. persuasive talk
D. women's talk
22. When women talk，they tend to________.
A. admire their friends who stand out
B. make others feel at home
C. approach public situations like private talking
D. seek close relationship with other speakers
23. Men talk in order to________.
A. make new friends
B. share experience
C. argue with others
D. attract attention
24. The purpose of this passage is to _______.
A. contrast the male and female talking styles
B. prove that men talk more effectively than women
C. analyze why men and women are different
D. draw people's attention to the difference between men and women
25. Which of the following is true?
A. Men talk more than women.
B. Men feel more comfortable making a public speech than women.
C. Men are more knowledgeable than women.
D. Men are more independent than women.
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
The best example of how associations influence eating is that we often eat not because we're hungry but because it's “lunchtime,” because foods smell good, or because our friends are eating.
More evidence that associations influence eating comes from marketing and advertising pressures to sell foods by offering huge servings. For example, movie theatres offer an extra large box of popcorn(爆玉米花)，which, at almost 900 calories, is equivalent to a major meal. Health professionals warn that as children, adolescents(青少年), and adults learn to prefer large portions and tasty foods high in fat, sugar, and calories, there has been a corresponding increase in rates of being overweight (from 25% in 1988 to 34% in 1998). Researchers are especially concerned about the continued rates of overweight and obesity(肥胖) in children since childhood obesity is very difficult to treat and an obese child has a high probability of becoming an obese adult with the associated health risks we discussed earlier.
Health professionals suggest that to avoid future increases in rates of overweight and obesity, we need to try hard to forget many of our food associations, which primarily involves decreasing size of food portions, increasing levels of activity to burn off excess calories.
26. The influence of food association can be seen clearly from the example that we often eat NOT because________.
A. it's time for lunch
B. we're hungry
C. foods smell delicious
D. our friends are eating
27. From the passage we can infer that the “serving” in the second paragraph most probably means________.
A. an amount of food
B. a special service
C. a meal
D. some calories
28. According to the author, because of an unhealthy food preference, the increase in rates of being overweight was almost ______ during the ten years from 198 to 1998.
A. 10 per cent
B. 20 per cent
C. 30 per cent
D. 40 per cent
29. According to the passage, an obese child is _____.
A. less at risk of heart diseases
B. healthily fat
C. very hard to get along with
D. more likely to become an obese adult
30. In order to avoid future increases in rates of overweight and obesity, we need to do a11 the following EXCEPT ______.
A. make an effort to forget our food association
B. eat less high-fat food
C. do more exercise to consume excess calories
D. eat less food
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Labor force is denned as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income．This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self-employed. Labor is one of the country's resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services wanted by the community.
Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population，there are several other influences which a1so affect it．The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce．If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too o1d to work，then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population naturally grows rapidly, i.e. the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths，then as a total population increases the proportion in the workforce declines．
Sometimes a population is described as aging，which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce there are insufficient numbers of young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it．The population is top-heavy(头重脚轻) with older people．So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate．
The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy．If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce，this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable 1evel of social services to the retired group．If the aged are to be cared for in special homes，finance must be avai1able for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax revenue is relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.
31. Labor force is referred to as ______.
A. people who are available to work and earn income
B. self-employed people only
C. only those who are looking for an employment
D. only the employers
32. According to the passage, which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as an influence on the size of the workforce?
A. The size of the population.
B. The age distribution of the population.
C. The national economy.
D. The number of births and deaths.
33. The conclusion which can be drawn safely from the second paragraph is that ___.
A. a population growth from natural increase leads to a greater proportion of the workforce
B. a large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforce
C. the larger the number of the aged in a population, the higher the proportion of the workforce
D. if the population has an evenly spread age distribution, the workforce will be lower
34. When a population is said to aging,_______.
A. there are more people retiring than those entering the workforce.
B. the birth rate must be growing
C. there should be an oversupply of workforce
D. young people outnumber old people
35. The population which is top-heavy with older people exerts pressure on____.
A. the employers
B. the self-employed
C. the young people
D. the economy of the country
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