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2003年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语（二）试卷
课程代码：00015
三、从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。(每选项2分，共30分)
Passage One
Question 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Albert Einstein had a great effect on science and history. An American university president once commented that Einstein had created a new outlook, a new view of the universe. It may be some time before the average mind understands fully the identity (特性) of time and space and so on — but even ordinary men understand now that the universe is something larger than ever thought before.
By 1914 the young Einstein had gained world fame. He accepted the offer to become a professor at the Prussian Academy of Science in Berlin. He had few duties, little teaching and unlimited opportunities for study, but soon his peace and quiet were broken by the First World War. Einstein hated violence. The misery of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.
In the years following the First World War, honors were increasingly heaped on him. He became the head of the Kaiser Whilhem Institute of Theoretical Physics. In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize for Physics, and he was highly honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism (纳粹主义) when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.
21. The first paragraph is mainly about _____.
A. a new outlook of the universe
B. the feelings of an American college president
C. the change in human thought caused by Einstein
D. the difficulty in teaching Einstein's theory
22. From the second paragraph, we know Albert Einstein ____.
A. enjoyed world popularity
B. was the head of an academy
C. was a famous teacher
D. enjoyed studying wars
23. Which of the following statements about Einstein is true?
A. He achieved more than any other scientists in history.
B. Our ideas about the universe differ from one another because of him.
C. He kept working until peace came in 1918.
D. His research practically stopped during the First World War.
24. In the years following the First World War, _____.
A. Einstein began to be accepted even by ordinary men
B. more and more honors were granted to Einstein
C. Einstein became the head of the Prussian Academy of Science
D. Einstein was not honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism
25. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.
A. Albert Einstein was interested in nothing but science
B. Einstein was forced to serve in the German army
C. Einstein made a lot more breakthroughs in his research after the First World War
D. his reputation was ruined because of Nazism
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Could you imagine your parents choosing your husband or wife for you? And can you imagine not setting eyes on him or her until your wedding day? This situation is common in India, the Middle East and many parts of Africa. Marriage customs around the world often differ from our own. We don't realize that people in other places often get married in very different ways — and with different motives.
In many countries, marriage is a practical matter. A marriage provides a safe and stable home for the husband and wife. It also joins two families, which benefits the couple's parents and makes them happy. Marriage also brings children, making sure the couple will be taken care of in old age. Because a marriage is important for the whole family, some cultures don't let young people choose whom to marry.
Just as there are many different reasons for marriage, there are also many different wedding rituals. Every culture has its own ways of bringing good luck to the happy couple. In a typical Western wedding, the bride seeks good luck by wearing “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue.” Something old represents the past. Something new represents success in the future. Something borrowed reminds the bride she can get help from her friends and family. And something blue reminds her to be true to her husband.
In Poland, one wedding tradition is not only lucky, but also very practical. The wedding guests pin money to the bride's dress while she is dancing. The money is meant to bring kick and to help the young couple build their new life. In Bermuda, the young couple plants a tree in the yard of their new home. Once they move in, they take good care of the tree and make it grow. The planting of the tree is a good metaphor (比喻) for marriage. A truly good marriage is something that grows with care.
26. Which of the following statements DOES NOT support the idea that marriage is a practical matter?
A. The couple may have a safe and stable home through their marriage.
B. The parents had better help their children choose whom to marry.
C. A marriage benefits the couple's parents and makes them happy.
D. A marriage brings children who will take care of the couple when they are old.
27. The word “rituals” (para.3, line 2) means _____.
A. forms
B. customs
C. traditions
D. ceremonies
28. In a typical Western wedding, the bride wears something blue to ________.
A. seek good luck
B. represent the past
C. represent success in the future
D. remind her to be true to her husband
29. Although cultures differ in different countries, one thing in common when a young couple gets married is that _____.
A. people wish them to take care of each other
B. people wish them to get practical benefits from the marriage
C. people wish them to have good luck in their new life
D. people wish them to make money at the wedding ceremony
30. Which of the following statements best summarizes the subject of this passage?
A. People across the world get married in different ways and for different reasons.
B. Every culture has its own ways of bringing good luck to the young couple.
C. A truly good marriage is something that grows with care.
D. In many countries, marriage is a practical matter.
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
While popular in the U.S., the April Fool's Day tradition is even more prevalent in European countries, such as France and Great Britain. Although the roots of the traditional tricking are unclear, the French and the British both have claims on the origin of the celebration.
One theory holds that the first April Fool's Day was on April 1 of the year when King of France instituted (设立) the new calendar. This new system placed the day that had formerly been the first day of a new year on April 1. Many people were reluctant to adjust to the new calendar and continued to celebrate New Year's Day on what had become the first day of April. Thus, they became the first April fools.
An English story about the day, however, holds that it began sometime during the 1200s. At the time, King John of England was in the habit of making a road out of nearly every path he walked regularly. The citizens of one particular farm village were aware of this. To avoid having their green pastures (牧场) disturbed with one of king's roads, they built a fence that prevented the king from walking through their countryside. The king sent a group of messengers (信使) to inform the villagers that they must remove the barrier. Upon hearing that the king was planning to do this, however, the villagers developed a plan of their own. When the messengers arrived, they found what appeared to be a community of mad people, with people behaving in a strange manner, throwing things and running around wildly. The messengers, alarmed at what they found, reported to King John that these people were so mad as to be beyond punishment. So, the villagers saved their farmland by tricking the King. In Great Britain, tradition only allows April Fool's tricks from midnight to noon on April 1. Those who try to play tricks in the afternoon become the fools themselves.
31. Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph?
A. April Fool's Day is more popular in the U.S.
B. April Fool's Day is more popular in France and Great Britain.
C. No one is sure where the tradition of celebrating April Fool's Day originated.
D. The celebration of April Fool's Day originated from both France and Great Britain.
32. According to the second paragraph, many people continued to celebrate New Year's Day on April 1, because _____.
A. they knew nothing about the new calendar
B. they didn't want to accept the new calendar
C. they wanted to receive gifts from their friends
D. they wanted to become the first April fools
33. The word “holds” (para.3, line 1) means “_____”,
A. supports
B. conducts
C. contains
D. believes
34. The third paragraph tells how the citizens of one particular farm village in England saved their farmland by ______.
A. building a fence
B. throwing things to the messengers
C. tricking the king
D. lighting with the messengers
35. What is the main idea of paragraph three?
A. How the tradition of celebrating April Fool's Day originated in Great Britain.
B. How the citizens of one particular farm village saved their land from the king.
C. King John of England wanted to make a road through one particular farm village.
D. In Great Britain, tradition allows April Fool's tricks from midnight to noon.
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