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2008年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
英语（二）试卷
课程代码：00015
三、Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points for each item）
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1.Many people think New York is a noisy city. In fact,scientists who study noise say that the average noise level in New York is 72. 5 decibels. This is a little louder than normal conversation,which is 65 decibels. The noise level is the result of so many people and cars in the same area.
Now even the insides of taxis are noisy. When you get into a taxi,you hear the voice of a wellknown singer,sports reporter,or Broadway actress giving instructions.
That't right. The voice of a famous person tells you what to do. One popular singer gives this message:“Cats have nine lives,but you have only one,so fasten your seat belt!”Other voices say things such as“Don't forget to collect all your belongings. ”（People often leave hats,umbrellas,and bags in taxis. ）
There is a good reason for the messages. There are more than 12,000 cabs in New York,and every year taxis get into more than 15,000 accidents. In an accident,people who don't wear seat belts hit the partition,the glass wall separating the driver and passengers in the taxi. They can hurt their foreheads or break their noses or chins. Every year,about 11,000 people are injured in this way.
Many people are annoyed by the voices. Cabdrivers in particular dislike the messages. “I play the messages 12 hours a day. I hear the same voices 60 times a day. It makes me crazy,”says Amir,a 45yearold cabdriver. “But if I don't play the messages,I get fined ＄100. ”A lot of passengers complain,too. “It's too much noise,”says a passenger. “I asked the driver to turn off the message,but he said he can't. ”
Other people think the voices are a great idea. One taxi driver says,“People like to hear the famous voices,and they put on their seat belts more often. ”And passengers from out of town really like the idea. “Most of the time,taxi drivers are in a bad mood,”says Melanie Benton,who visits New York often on business,“It's nice to hear a cheerful voice when you get into a cab. ”
(1).The sentence“Cats have nine lives,but you have only one”implies that______.
(A).human beings have only one life
(B).cats live longer than human beings
(C).cats will have new lives after they die
(D).human beings should value their lives
(2).People who are most likely to be injured in a taxi accident are______.
(A).those who wear seat belts
(B).those who like messages
(C).those who do not wear seat belts
(D).those who dislike messages
(3).It can be inferred from the passage that a taxi driver hears the same voices______every day.
(A).about 5 times an hour
(B).about 6 times an hour
(C).about 50 times an hour
(D).about 60 times an hour
(4).The cabdrivers play the messages again and again because______.
(A).they are willing to do so
(B).they do not want to pay a fine
(C).the passengers ask them to do so
(D).the voice of the messages is cheerful
(5).The author of this passage seems to believe that______.
(A).New York is the noisiest city in the U. S.
(B).messages played by taxi drivers are useless
(C).messages in taxis should be voiced by famous people
(D).voices from taxis partly caused the high noise level of New York
2.Some people might think that Father's Day was established as a holiday to help greeting card companies sell more cards. However,when Father's Day was first suggested in the early 1900s,Father's Day cards hadn't been invented yet.
The idea of celebrating Father's Day was actually inspired by Mother's Day. In 1909,Mother's Day was just becoming very popular in the United States. One day,Sonora Dodd,of Spokane,Washington,was listening to a church talk about setting aside a day to honor one's mother. It gave her the idea to propose a day to honor fathers,and in particular,her own father—William Jackson Smart.
Mr. Smart had raised Sonora and her five brothers and sisters all by himself after Sonora's mother died in childbirth. As an adult,Sonora realized the selflessness her father had shown in raising his children as a single parent. Her father made all the parental sacrifices. In the daughter's eyes,her father was a courageous,selfless,and loving man.
Mrs. Dodd went to her minister and others about having a church service devoted to fathers on June 5,her father's birthday. That date was too soon for her minister to prepare a service,so he spoke two weeks later on June 19. It took about a year of working with politicians,religious leaders,businessmen and the local Young Men's Christian Association to bring life to her idea of an annual Father's Day.
Eventually all her hard work paid off. On June 19,1910,the first Father's Day was celebrated in Spokane,Washington.
In 1972 President Richard Nixon established a permanent national celebration of Father's Day to be held on the third Sunday in June. Since then,fathers have been honored and recognized by their families throughout the U. S. on that date.
Father's Day has become a day to not only honor your father,but all men who act as a father figure. Stepfathers,uncles,grandfathers,and adult male friends are all honored on Father's Day. It's also another day for greeting card companies and shop owners to celebrate because sales of the most popular gifts for Dad（shirts,ties,and electric shavers）increase considerably.
(1).The passage mainly tells about______.
(A).Mrs. Dodd's love for her father
(B).the origin and establishment of Father's Day
(C).the importance of honoring fathers in the U. S.
(D).Mrs. Dodd's contribution to the government decision
(2).Mrs. Dodd loved her father because he______.
(A).had a large family
(B).was a single parent
(C).was a respected minister
(D).was courageous,selfless and loving
(3).In the United States,the first Father's Day was celebrated nationwide in______.
(A).1972
(B).1910
(C).1909
(D).1900
(4).The author of the passage seems to believe that______.
(A).stepfathers should not be honored on Father's Day
(B).Father's Day has nothing to do with Mother's Day
(C).Father's Day started with Mrs. Dodd's love for her father
(D).card companies should not make money on Father's Day cards
(5).Greeting card companies welcome Father's Day because______.
(A).their sale increases
(B).it is a national holiday
(C).adult male friends are also honored
(D).they can sell ties,shirts and electric shavers
3.This green and blue planet spinning in space is under severe stress. If we continue to exploit the planet at the present rate,human and animal life will be threatened. Human pride will be followed by nature's punishment. To save our earth and ourselves,we need first develop an unbiased understanding of ourselves,nature and life.
Everyone understands the meaning of the sentence“Man should respect animal life and nature”. But the exact meaning of man,nature and animal life is not always clear.
Many refer to man and animals as if they were essentially different. I consider man to be an animal and only differing in degree and not in kind from other animals. Although I discuss in conventional terms human rights and animal rights as if they were separate,strictly speaking,human rights should be considered a branch of animal rights.
The word“nature”is one of the most complex words in the language,but it has developed three main areas of meaning. These are,first,the essential quality and character of something（as in human nature,or the nature of wood）;second,the inherent force which influences the world（as in Mother Nature）;third,the entire world itself. The last can be taken to include or to exclude human beings,as the phrase man and the natural world implies. I consider humans to be an integral part of nature, although they are also the beings most capable of interfering with its processes. Unfortunately a central drive of Western“man”has been to conquer“nature”, as if it were an object separate from him. Hence it has become common to distinguish between what is natural（existing without man's interference）and artificial（manmade）. In this way, natural growth is opposed to education, civilization to the natural state. For many urban people living permanently among concrete and glass, nature itself has come to mean little more than the countryside. And this notion of opposition is where the seed of potential destruction lies.
(1).The word“unbiased”in Line 4 of Para. 1 means ______.
(A).unbalanced
(B).fair
(C).partial
(D).unreasonable
(2).As for the relationship between man and animals, the author holds that ______.
(A).man is a kind of animals
(B).man is superior to animals
(C).man is the same as animals
(D).man and animals are essentially different from each other
(3).The word“they”in Line 6 of Para. 2 refers to ______.
(A).human rights
(B).animal rights
(C).human beings and animals
(D).human rights and animal rights
(4).In the author's opinion, the word“nature”indicates ______.
(A).a particular kind of thing
(B).the inherent force which influences the world
(C).the entire world itself including human beings
(D).the essential quality and character of something
(5).The very last sentence of the passage implies that ______.
(A).urbanization violates the peace of the countryside
(B).the people in the cities cannot enjoy the nature's beauty
(C).man cannot destroy nature, as they are different from each other
(D).if man goes against nature, the world will probably be destroyed
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